Arthur, Duke of Connaught, is shown in the uniform of the Rifle Brigade with the ribbon and star of the Garter. The seventh child and third son of Queen Victoria, Arthur was reportedly the Queen's favourite.

This portrait was painted for the Queen in 1879, when Arthur would have been 29 years old. The first sitting took place at Ranger's House on 6 July, with Sir Howard Elphinstone reporting to the Queen that the sketch was 'certainly very bold & effective'. A number of further sittings took place ('he is a very slow workman, & will require a great no. of sittings') and at the end of July the sitter reported to the Queen that the picture was nearly finished. Bauerle was paid £75 on 11 August 1869 for a portrait of Prince Arthur, which was originally placed at Windsor but sent by the Queen's command to Buckingham Palace in 1881.