Perfume holder c. 1870 - 1875
Gold, enamel, diamonds and pearls | 10.2 x 8.9 x 7.0 cm (parts .a and .b together) | RCIN 11423
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An enamelled gold perfume holder or attardan formed of a circular tray with a green and red enamelled gold lotus flower in the centre that opens to reveal a yellow and red cup and cover when pressure is applied to the rod beneath the tray. The tray is decorated with eight oval medallions containing hunting scenes, floral patterns and depictions of two famous palaces in Jaipur - the Chandra Mahal and Amber Fort. The tray has an openwork border of green enamelled acanthus leaves decorated with pendant red enamel leaf shaped ornaments and pearls. The lotus flower in the centre is inlaid with diamonds arranged to represent flowers. The feet of the tray are in the form of yali, elephant-like animals often depicted in Hindu temple sculpture.
The production of enamelled objects in India usually involved numerous craftsmen: first a designer (chitrakar) would prepare the design of the object; next a goldsmith (sunar) would form the article from gold or silver. Then an engraver (gharai) would incise the pattern to allow for the enameller (minakar) to apply the various enamel colours. Hira Singh, the minaker of this object, came from a family of renowned enamellers based in Jaipur.
This perfume holder underwent numerous firings to allow for each different colour of enamel to be applied. Colours that have a higher resistance to fire, such as white, were applied first and colours of lower resistance to fire such as red were applied last.
Provenance
Presented to King Edward VII, when Prince of Wales, during his tour of India in 1875-76 by Ram Singh II, Maharaja of Jaipur.
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Creator(s)
(enameller)Acquirer(s)
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Medium and techniques
Gold, enamel, diamonds and pearls
Measurements
10.2 x 8.9 x 7.0 cm (parts .a and .b together)
Category
Object type(s)
Alternative title(s)
Attardan
Place of Production
Jaipur [Rajasthan]