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Virgil (70-19 BC)

Dido and Aeneas early 16th century

Woven silk and wool tapestry with gilt-metal- and silver-wrapped thread | 346.0 x 264.0 cm (whole object) | RCIN 1255

Great Watching Chamber, Hampton Court Palace

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  • Five panels of Flemish tapestries illustrating the story of Dido and Aeneas from Virgil's The Aeneid, within narrow borders of medallions, putti and cartouches, woven in Brussels. The scenes depicted are: Aeneas encountering his mother Venus, Aeneas relating his adventures to Dido, Aeneas departing from Carthage at the bidding of Mercury, Sergestus and Cloanthus reporting to Dido the arrival of Aeneas at Carthage and Neptune raising the storm which scattered Aeneas's ships at the bidding of Juno.

    RCIN 1255.1 depicts Aeneas encountering his mother Venus. The goddess is in huntress garb. Behind Aeneas are two of his companions, and above is Mercury with his caduceus flying down with a message from Jupiter.

    In RCIN 1255.2 the Queen leans forward from her throne at the right, interested in Aeneas's retelling of his adventures, with her ladies seated on the ground. In the centre a boy holds a hound, and through the open window can be seen Aeneas's ships. It seems possible that the design for Aeneas is based upon Adrian van den Houte's drawing for "Jupiter and Arcas", though more likely that the design was created in the early to mid-1520s by an unidentified artist working in the circle of Van Orley.

    RCIN 1255.3 depicts the Queen seated on a canopied throne at the left with her courtiers in the background. Aeneas, concealed behind a pillar on the right, is listening to them. The border is of an arabesque design on a red ground, and contains small medallions with classical warriors' heads and cartouches with quotations from Virgil.

    RCIN 1255.4 shows Mercury descending on the right at the bidding of Jupiter, who is seen flying with a sceptre. In the centre of the foreground is Dido faintingin the arms of her attendants. At the back is a cavalcade in which Dido and Aeneas ride together.

    In RCIN 1255.5 flying figures break the masts of the ships. In the same scene is a second figure of Neptune, on his sea-horse-drawn car, stilling the storm. Below are the Winds with bellows. 
    Provenance

    Probably purchased by Henry VIII in 1533. From 1530s until 1703/4 they were probably on intermittent display at Westminster/Whitehall Palace. Mentioned in the inventories of James I and Charles I. In the inventory of 1695 it is noted that this set was on semi-permanent loan from Hampton Court Palace to Windsor Castle.

  • Medium and techniques

    Woven silk and wool tapestry with gilt-metal- and silver-wrapped thread

    Measurements

    346.0 x 264.0 cm (whole object)

    346.0 x 330.5 cm (whole object)

    346.0 x 257.0 cm (whole object)

    346.0 x 394.0 cm (whole object)

    346.0 x 213.0 cm (whole object)

  • Alternative title(s)

    Aeneas encountering his mother Venus

    Aeneas relating his adventures to Dido

    Aeneas departing from Carthage at the bidding of Mercury

    Sergestus and Cloanthus reporting to Dido the arrival of Aeneas at Carthage

    Neptune raising the storm which scattered Aeneas's ships at the bidding of Juno


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